# Maintaining a living tic list > Source-anchored research for Maintaining a living tic list. Run status: COMPLETED. Parent: [Measuring LLM lexical tics: excess vocabulary, baselines, drift](https://llms-explorer.com/tree/ai-isms-tic-measurement/) · 4 facets · 7 facts · page: https://llms-explorer.com/tree/maintaining-a-living-tic-list/ ## Structure and components - Wikipedia's guide groups AI vocabulary by era (2023-mid 2024 GPT-4; mid 2024-mid 2025 GPT-4o; mid 2025 onward GPT-5) and carries a banner saying parts about the most recent models need updating. (low confidence) (verified as of 2026-09-23) — [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Signs_of_AI_writing) ## Measurements and reference values - Antislop builds a model-specific slop profile automatically by comparing generated text to human baselines; some patterns appear over 1,000x more often than in human text. (medium confidence) — [source](https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.15061) - Antislop Sampler suppresses over 8,000 patterns, whereas plain token banning becomes unusable at about 2,000; FTPO reports ~90% slop reduction with benchmarks maintained. (low confidence) — [source](https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.15061) ## Comparisons and alternatives - Instruction tuning with human feedback drives much overuse (e.g. 'nuanced' +8,342% vs base Llama), so lists should be regenerated after each tuning/RLHF change; the study covers only Llama and does not track drift across models or time. (low confidence) — [source](https://arxiv.org/html/2508.01930v1) ## Facts and statements - Overused vocabulary changes over time: 'delve' was heavily overused by ChatGPT in 2023-early 2024, declined later in 2024, and dropped sharply in 2025, so a static list decays. (medium confidence) (verified as of 2026-09-23) — [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Signs_of_AI_writing) - Overuse of a word does not imply its synonyms are overused, so list entries should be exact terms, not thesaurus expansions. (low confidence) — [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Signs_of_AI_writing) - Human writing is increasingly influenced by LLM patterns, so human-baseline checks for list entries also need refreshing. (low confidence) (verified as of 2026-09-23) — [source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Signs_of_AI_writing)