# Human adoption of LLM vocabulary in speech and writing > Source-anchored research for Human adoption of LLM vocabulary in speech and writing. Run status: COMPLETED. Parent: [Human adoption of LLM vocabulary and its effect on tic baselines](https://llms-explorer.com/tree/ai-isms-human-convergence/) · 3 facets · 5 facts · page: https://llms-explorer.com/tree/human-adoption-of-llm-vocabulary-in-speech-and-writing/ ## How it works - A preregistered experiment (496 participants) found brief chatbot interaction makes participants adopt specific words, persisting through distractor tasks, supporting exposure-to-active-vocabulary as the mechanism. (low confidence) — [source](https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.01754) ## Comparisons and alternatives - Florida State University (Juzek et al.) analysed 22.1 million words of science/tech conversational podcasts; nearly three-quarters of target AI buzzwords rose after ChatGPT, some more than doubling. 'Underscore' rose while its synonym 'accentuate' did not, which points to AI-specific rather than generic drift. (medium confidence) (verified as of 2025-08-26) — [source](https://news.fsu.edu/news/education-society/2025/08/26/on-screen-and-now-irl-fsu-researchers-find-evidence-suggesting-chatgpt-influences-how-we-speak/) ## Facts and statements - Yakura et al. (Max Planck) analysed about 737,083 hours of unscripted conversation from 824,634 podcast episodes and report that ChatGPT-favoured words (delve, showcase, boast, meticulous) rose abruptly in spontaneous speech after ChatGPT's release; they use synthetic-control analysis to argue for a causal link. (high confidence) (verified as of 2026-07-16) — [source](https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.01754) - The 'GPT words' list was derived by having ChatGPT edit millions of emails, essays and articles and extracting words it repeatedly added; usage was then tracked in about 360,000 YouTube academic talks and 771,000 podcast episodes, with a surge within roughly 18 months of release. (medium confidence) — [source](https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/chatgpt-is-changing-the-words-we-use-in-conversation/) - The measured effect is lexical only; the Max Planck paper does not test semantic or grammatical influence and frames vocabulary as an early indicator of wider cultural influence. (medium confidence) — [source](https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.01754)