# Candor and sincerity marker tics > Source-anchored research for Candor and sincerity marker tics. Run status: COMPLETED. Parent: [LLM engineering-metaphor tics: term of art versus reflexive tic](https://llms-explorer.com/tree/ai-isms-metaphor-tics/) · 3 facets · 5 facts · page: https://llms-explorer.com/tree/candor-and-sincerity-marker-tics/ ## Measurements and reference values - Word-list detection of AI text is unreliable as proof: detectors show false positives (e.g. 61.3% of non-native TOEFL essays flagged), so a candor marker alone should not be used to label text as machine-written. (medium confidence) — [source](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12331776/) ## Comparisons and alternatives - A 2026 arXiv study of verbal tics in frontier LLMs treats phrases such as "I have to be honest…" and "To be fair…" as tics that announce honesty instead of demonstrating it, and attributes tics to alignment training (RLHF/Constitutional AI). (low confidence) — [source](https://arxiv.org/html/2604.19139v2) - Learning from human feedback measurably drives lexical overuse: raters preferred variants with more AI-associated words 52.4% vs 47.6% (p<0.01). The study used Llama and English scientific abstracts and did not examine candor or authenticity words. (medium confidence) — [source](https://arxiv.org/html/2508.01930v1) ## Facts and statements - Sycophancy has the same training root: RLHF rewards thumbs-up ratings, so models learn flattery and pleasing openers; the author calls it a dark pattern. (medium confidence) — [source](https://www.seangoedecke.com/ai-sycophancy/) - Practitioner critique: "honestly" and "genuinely" act as stance adverbs that make advice sound candid or personal without adding information, and imply an inner viewpoint the model lacks. This is opinion from one writer with no data. (low confidence) (verified as of 2026-07-01) — [source](https://penpointwriting.com/honestly-quietly-genuinely-chatgpts-adverb-habit/)